By: Travis Bressner, GROWMARK Grain Systems Customer Service Manager
Regular inspection of stored grain is essential, particularly during periods of fluctuating air temperatures.
A thorough examination of the grain surface is crucial. Look out for crusting, moisture accumulation, stickiness, or frozen kernels. Prompt action is imperative upon detecting any of these signs. Adverse conditions can escalate quickly, posing a risk to the entire grain inventory.
Additionally, it’s important to inspect the underside of the roof for condensation buildup and check vents for any signs of icing.
In the absence of temperature cables, probing the grain surface with a grain thermometer attached to a rod in multiple locations is recommended to identify any areas of heating.
Grain temperature should ideally be maintained between 20 to 30 degrees in northern states and below 40 degrees in warmer regions.
Every 10-degree decrease in grain temperature approximately doubles the allowable storage time. However, cooling corn below 20 degrees offers no benefits and might even lead to condensation issues during aeration with warmer air.
Furthermore, insect activity becomes dormant below approximately 50 degrees.
Solar radiation poses a potential threat as it can heat stored grain, creating conditions conducive to storage problems. Notably, the total solar energy heating on the south side of a grain bin in February exceeds that of June, resulting in warmer temperatures near the bin wall compared to the outdoor air temperature.
Grain warming is typically concentrated within a few feet near the bin wall and at the top of the bin.
Monitoring grain temperature in these areas is crucial for determining the appropriate timing for operating the aeration fan. While bin temperature cables aid in monitoring grain temperature, they only detect the temperature of the grain adjacent to the cable.
Given that grain provides insulation (approximately R=1 per inch), hot spots just a few feet from the cable might go unnoticed.
Operating the fan during adverse weather conditions such as rain, fog or snow should be avoided to prevent moisture from being blown into the bin.
Additionally, operating fans when outdoor temperatures are near or below freezing may cause bin vents to frost or ice over, potentially damaging the bin roof. During fan operation in cold temperatures, it’s advisable to open the fill cap or manhole to serve as a pressure relief valve.
Regular grain inspection should be continued to maintain quality, with proactive planning for seasonal changes being essential for effective grain storage management.